G/L account

A structure that records value movements in a company code and represents the G/L account items in a chart of accounts.

A G/L account has transaction figures that record changes to the account during a posting period. These figures are totals that are used for G/L reporting.

G/L account document

An accounting document that records value changes that apply to the general ledger within a company code.

The individual items in the G/L document always balance to zero.

G/L account master record

A data record containing information that controls how data is entered into a G/L account and how that account is managed.

This includes, for example, the currency in which an account is managed.

gain posting

A posting of the positive difference between the revenue from an asset sale and the current net book value of the asset being retired.

general cost object

An independent cost object that can be used for planning, collecting, and allocating costs for a wide range of purposes.

general duty rate

A general tariff rate levied for imports from most favored nations.

Most countries are in this category.

general inflation gain or loss

In inflation accounting, an expense or revenue that arises when you adjust an item using the general inflation index.

general inflation index

An index that reflects a general change in prices, and, accordingly, is used to adjust most G/L accounts for inflation.

Other accounts may be adjusted using a specific inflation index.

general ledger

A ledger designed to present the values used in creating financial statements.

It records values at company code level.

generic file name

The creator of the link between the PC file and the file description.

A generic file name (such as NAME*.TXT) is assigned to a file description. The PC file then receives a name corresponding to the generic file name (such as NAME1.TXT).

global cell

A type of cell used to perform calculations over more than one row or column block within a report.

Cells pinpoint a particular location or range within the column and row matrix of a report.

global company currency

A currency used for an internal trading partner.

global distribution system

An information and Reservation System which serves as a distribution channel for travel providers and their services, in particular airlines, hotels and car rental companies.

global ledger

A ledger used to store data for:

• Companies
• Company codes that are assigned to companies

Example

A company code is assigned to a company, which is assigned to a global ledger. When a document for the company code is posted to the SAP System,it is posted to the local ledger and to the global ledger.

global percentage bidding

A competitive bidding procedure used for procuring external services.

In global percentage bidding, Purchasing specifies prices for services and provides descriptions of the services. Service descriptions and prices are sent to bidders as individual requests for quotations (RFQs).

Bidders indicate whether they can do the work for more or less than the rates estimated by Purchasing by submitting quotations showing a percentage addition to or deduction from the specified prices. This percentage addition or deduction is quoted for each group of services (outline level) or for all services.

The global percentage system simplifies the maintenance of service specifications.

Because the service descriptions in the bidders' quotations usually do not vary, and only the percentage addition or deduction needs to be entered in the quotation, Purchasing has less work to do than in the case of standard RFQ and quotation processing.

GLT0 conversion

An object that concerns the G/L account tables in the FI General Ledger that contain all the G/L accounts to be posted to.

GLT0 conversion in the General Ledger is only done as part of euro conversion, where the G/L balances are converted to euros.

goods and services tax return

A form of advance return for taxes on sales and purchases, as used in Singapore.

goods at construction site

The goods that have been delivered to a customer and are now at the customer's construction site.

In certain manufacturing environments such as engineer-to-order, goods often remain the property of the supplier even after they have been delivered to the customer. Such goods are not physically present at the supplier's premises and do not appear in the supplier's balance sheet.

To account for this, the value of the goods at a construction site can be calculated in results analysis and capitalized.

goods catalog

A document stored by the customs authorities that lists the materials your company imports or exports.

Goods catalogs contain material commodity codes and import code numbers for keeping foreign trade statistics.

goods in transit

The goods that have been shipped to a customer.

When goods are shipped to a customer, the customer does not necessarily become the owner immediately. Until the point where the ownership of a good is transferred to the customer, it must continue to be shown in the supplier's balance sheet, even though it is no longer physically present.

The value of goods in transit can be calculated in results analysis and capitalized in the balance sheet.

goods issue date

The date on which the goods must leave the company to arrive at the customer location in time.

goods issue document

A statement verifying goods movement and containing information for follow-up tasks.

A corresponding material document is created for the subsequent outflow of material with the goods issue document in the delivery. The material document contains one or more items and can be printed as a goods receipt/issue slip for the movement of goods.

goods issuing department

In the SAP Inventory Management system, the department or facility whose employees are responsible for withdrawing stock from the warehouse or stores, creating goods issue documents, and handing over or forwarding the goods to their intended recipient.

goods movement

A physical or logical movement of materials leading to a change in stock levels or resulting in the consumption of the material.

goods receipt

A term from inventory management denoting a physical inward movement of goods or materials.

The SAP System differentiates between the following types of goods receipt:

• Goods receipt with reference to a purchase order
• Goods receipt with reference to a production order
• Other goods receipts without reference

goods receipt blocked stock

The quantity of a material delivered by a vendor that has been received subject to conditional acceptance but has not yet been placed in final storage.

"Goods receipt (GR) blocked stock" is not yet regarded as part of the receiving company's stock, but is tracked in the purchase order history.

"GR blocked stock" must not be confused with the general (non-GR-specific) stock type "blocked stock".

goods receipt logic

A series of checks on CS-specific fields when goods are received.

You can define what these checks involve in Customizing.

goods receipt processing time

The period of time between the receipt of a material and its addition to stock, required for checking and the physical process of placement into storage (stock putaway).

The goods receipt processing time is taken into account in scheduling.

goods receipt/issue slip

An accompanying printed document that is created for a physical stock movement.

It can be used as a transport document (goods receipt slip or goods issue slip) for the warehouse or stores, and as a material identification slip (for example, a pallet note).

goods receiving department

In Inventory Management, the department or facility whose employees are responsible for accepting or refusing delivered goods, inspecting the goods, creating goods receipt documents, and transferring goods to storage or forwarding them to the recipient.

goods-receipt-based invoice verification

A procedure in Invoice Verification allowing assignment of incoming deliveries and invoices to an item of a purchase order.

If goods-receipt-based Invoice Verification has been defined for an order item, an invoice for the order item can be entered with reference to a goods receipt document or a delivery note number entered at the time of goods receipt. In the process, a separate invoice item is created for each goods receipt. Checking of price and formal accuracy of the invoice is performed at this item level.

goodwill

The goodwill is a differential amount on the assets side and arises during the consolidation of investments.

It is recorded as an intangible asset and amortized over an estimated remaining life, as predetermined, by law or internal company rules.

During first consolidation, goodwill is calculated as the difference between the group share-related investment book values of the direct parent companies and the group share-related equity of the company being consolidated, while taking hidden reserves (fair value adjustments) into account.

Possible reasons for goodwill are an earning capacity value that deviates from the net asset value of the acquired company as well as additional benefits (transfer of know-how, customer contacts, elimination of competitors, and on) from the acquiring company's point of view.

Government Uniform Invoice

Official VAT invoice used in Taiwan.

Companies have to issue GUIs upon the sale of goods or services, for down payments, credit memos, debit memos, and sales returns.

Government Uniform Invoice format

A two-digit code to distinguish between different types of official documents as prescribed by the Taiwanese authorities, for example, invoices, debit memos, or credit memos.

It corresponds to the SAP document class.

Government Uniform Invoice number

A code identifying a Government Uniform Invoice.

It comprises two letters followed by eight digits and is printed on official VAT invoices. The alphanumeric code is predefined and issued, as part of a number range, to sales offices by the Taiwanese tax authorities.

Example

AX12345678

graphic representation of the group structure

A representation of the ownership structure within a subgroup in graphic form, whereby boxes represent companies, company groupings, or subgroups, and lines represent the investment in each other.

gratuitous entertainment

The reduction of (reduced) maximum or per-diem amount in case of gratuitous entertainment received by an employee during the course of a business trip.

The reduction does not apply if the employee received meals at social activities.

gross payment voucher

A form that you have to fill out when you make a payment to a subcontractor in possession of construction tax certificate, under the terms of the UK Construction Industry Scheme.

The form, which goes by the number CIS23, shows the details of the payment.

You retain one copy for yourself and send one to the Inland Revenue or, if you prefer, you can send them an EDI file with the same information instead.

gross price

The total price without making allowance for discounts or surcharges.

group

A business organization that, from a consolidation standpoint, consists of two or more companies is called a group.

Besides being structured by companies, a group can also be structured by any other organizational unit.

group asset

A combination of a number of assets for the purposes of a common, summarized calculation of depreciation.

A group asset is represented in the SAP System by a separate master record.

group condition

A condition that can be used to determine a scale value based on more than one item in a document.

The system groups the items using the condition key for the appropriate condition record or a separately defined condition key.

group costing

A costing function that calculates the value added for multiple profit centers across company codes.

A cost component split is generated for each partner (such as the company code, plant, profit center, business area, or division). This cost component split shows the following information:

• The cost of goods manufactured for the material
• Additional costs such as freight and insurance charges
• The internal profit

A parallel view shows the price that was arranged for transfer between partners.

group currency

A group currency is used in the consolidated financial statements.

Before the consolidation process can be completed, all values in the individual financial statements must be translated from the local or transaction currency into group currency.

group investment

The value of the portion of the investment book value of a direct parent company that is allotted to the group according to the group share.

Group investments are calculated in simultaneous consolidation and are a prerequisite for the accurate calculation of minority shares.

group list

A list of available (allowed) cost elements and cost components in Product Costing.

group master contract

A document that contains only header data.

Contracts for a customer are grouped as lower level contracts under one group master contract. The master contract data is valid for all lower level contracts.

group production costs

The cost incurred during production from the point of view of the group.

Group production costs consist of the production costs of the individual consolidation units, taking into account production cost gains (for example, transport costs) or losses (for example, product licenses).

group share

The sum of the weighted investment shares of all immediate parent companies in a specifc investee company, from the subgroup perspective.

The investment shares are weighted, starting with the group share of the respective immediate parent company.

Example

If company A has an 80% investment in company B, which in turn has a 75% investment in company C, then the group share in company C is 60%.

In the EU, minority interest is included when calculating the group share, whereas it is not, in US GAAP.

group valuation

The valuation of fixed assets in subsidiaries for the purpose of later consolidation of total fixed assets at group concern level.

Group valuation can be managed separately in the local currency and in the reporting currency in separate depreciation areas.

grouping

A particular grouping that consists of the accounts, levels and groups that are displayed for either the cash position or the cash forecast.

guarantee of payment

A method of payment used for import and export.

Documents are provided to a bank or to a subsidiary of the exporter in the importer's country to obtain payment for goods. There is no letter of credit and no protection. The customer can cancel the order. This method of payment is used for trusted customers who are not trusted with an "open account."

guarantee of payment

A contract by which a guarantor promises to the creditor of a third party (the principal debtor) to assume responsibility for the fulfillment of the principal debtor's commitment.

Guarantees of payment made are shown in the notes to the balance sheet.

guaranteed value

The value of a document covered by payment guarantee such as a letter of credit.

Example: Letter of credit covers 70% of the value, credit management covers the remaining 30%.

GUI registration number

A tax number, in Taiwan, that the tax authorities assign to each sales office.

It serves as an identification number on all government uniform invoices and is used for the purpose of VAT reporting.