dangerous goods

Substances and objects that are a threat to humans, animals, or the environment when they are transported.

data determination in access

The establishing of data not available in a document.

The information is then made available to Pricing.

Example

In a promotion period, you wish to sell to customers at wholesale prices without changing the master data. The price list category in the document is not determined from the master data but from a condition record and is made available to Pricing.

data entry

The process of entering individual financial statement data into the Consolidation system.

data entry form

The specification of an input form that is used to enter data manually or by PC.

A data entry form consists of a line and a column layout. The line layout contains the financial statement items for which data is to be entered and the level of detail for the additional information.

data entry form group

A group of data entry forms combined under one ID.

The data entry form group enables all the data entry forms for one company to be output at the same time.

data monitor

A tool that manages the transfer of individual financial statement data into the Consolidation system.

It has the following basic functions:

• Display the import procedure of companies
• Display the import statuses of companies
• Perform data import for one company or jointly for several companies

data retention level

An organizational area to which the stored data applies.

Different data can be stored in the vendor master record for each purchasing organization in a firm.

In addition to the data applicable to a purchasing organization, you can update data for a plant or vendor sub-range (for example, payment terms or Incoterms that differ from those of the purchasing organization).

data transfer

The movement of individual financial statement data into the Consolidation system, and the transmission of consolidation data to other systems.

A data transfer method is specified for each company before data is imported into the Consolidation system.

For example, consolidation data can be transferred to the SAP Executive Information System or to other Consolidation systems during step consolidation.

date control

A key that controls the dates for material cost estimates.

For example, you can use date control to define the day for selecting the quantity structure when costing with a quantity structure.

date of services rendered

The date on which services are rendered.

If a service is rendered, the vendor cannot post goods issue. The date of services rendered is used instead of a goods issue date to determine the correct output tax in the invoice.

date type

A definition of the date format used.

The date type indicates whether the delivery date is expressed as a day (date type D), a week (date type W), or a month (date type M).

day-end closing

The measures at the end of the day to check that all the business transactions processed that day have been processed correctly.

deadline

The date on which a period (for example, a notice period) or a validity period (for example, of a contract) expires.

debit card

A cased used for cashless payments.

The cardholder's bank account is debited immediately. Debit cards do not require authorization, but they can require a PIN or signature.

debit memo procedure

An umbrella term for payments made by automatic debit transfer (direct debit).

This term covers the following types of payment procedure:

Direct debiting procedure (authorization to bank)

Automatic debit transfer (authorization to creditor)

debit memo request

A sales document used in complaints processing to request a debit memo for a customer.

If the prices calculated for the customer were too low, for example, calculated with the wrong scaled prices, you can create a debit memo request. The debit memo request can be blocked so that it can be checked. When it has been approved, you can remove the block.

A debit memo request is a sales document like a standard order. The system uses the debit memo request to create a debit memo.

debit position

A receivables posting.

decision authority

The authority assigned to the contact person, for example, whether the person can make a decision, or must refer to a superior.

declaration of origin

Certification that a commodity was derived or manufactured in a particular country.

If several countries were involved, the country of origin is the country in which the last significant manufacturing processes were performed.

declaration of value

Presentation of value of goods to customs authorities.

This value is used for calculating customs tariffs owed. The duty rates for tariffs are primarily customs value rates.

declaration to the authorities

The submission of information regarding the import or export of goods to customs authorities.

declaration type

In Foreign Trade and Customs, a type of declaration used for submission to customs authorities.

Example

INTRASTAT

EXTRASTAT

KOBRA

AERP

SED

declarer

A person who submits a declaration to customs authorities or arranges for a third party to make a customs declaration.

declining multi-phase depreciation

The calculation of depreciation amounts that are reduced in phases.

You can specify depreciation percentages in an unlimited number of phases that are dependent on the age of the asset.

The change from one phase to another can take place within a fiscal year.

declining-balance method of depreciation

An annual calculation of depreciation amounts that are reduced by a constant percentage.

The constant percentage is calculated from the useful life and a multiplication factor, and then multiplied by the asset net book value.

For mathematical reasons, the net book value can never reach zero using this method.

Therefore, following pre-defined criteria (for example, net book value is less than straight-line depreciation), the SAP System changes from this method to straight-line or complete depreciation.

decrease in capitalization

A consolidation activity that reduces the capital stock of an investee unit and simultaneously reduces the investment book value (equity in earnings of affiliates) of the immediate parent companies, without affecting the respective percentages of each investment share.

default rule

A definition of the distribution rule for settlement specified in Controlling (CO).

Default rules are predefined by SAP and cannot be changed by the user.

deferred payment

The payment of a customs tariff at a later date than the date it is due.

Customs duties must be paid within a set time period. For large amounts, it is possible to arrange for payments in small amounts over a period of weeks or months, in Europe, up to the 16th of the following month.

deficit order

An order for which the planned costs are higher than its planned revenue.

Results analysis calculates reserves for imminent loss for such orders.

definitive inflation index

An index that shows the final inflation rate for a specific period.

Some countries publish the estimated inflation rate by means of a provisional inflation index. Once the inflation data has been confirmed, they follow up the provisional index with a definitive index. Other countries publish only definitive indexes.

definitive run

An update run in which a G/L account, asset, or material is adjusted for inflation using a definitive inflation index.

Delivered At Frontier

An international commercial term under which the seller's cost includes the cost of the merchandise cleared for export and delivered at the named point and place at a border of an adjoining country.

This term can be used for all modes of transport.

Delivered Duty Paid

An international commercial term under which the the seller (exporter) fulfills the seller's obligation to deliver when the goods have been made available at the named place in the country of importation.

The seller must bear the risks and costs, including duties, taxes, and other charges of delivering the goods, cleared for importation.

This term can be used for all modes of transport.

Delivered Duty Unpaid

An international commercial term under which the seller fulfills the seller's obligation to deliver when the goods have been made availabl the named place in the country of importation.

The seller must pay the costs and bear the risks of transporting the goods to the destination, excluding duties, taxes and other official import charges. The seller must pay the costs and bear the risks of performing customs formalities. The buyer must pay additional costs and bear risks caused by the buyer's failure to clear the goods for import in time.

This term can be used for all modes of transport.

Delivered Ex Quay

An international commercial term under which the seller fulfills the seller's obligation to deliver when the seller has made the goods available to the buyer on the quay (wharf) at the named port of destination, cleared for importation.

The seller must bear all risks and costs including duties, taxes and other charges of delivering the goods.

Delivered Ex Quay (DEQ) (duty paid) can only be used for sea or inland waterway transport.

Delivered Ex Ship

An international commercial term under which the seller fulfills the seller's obligation to deliver when the goods have been made available to the buyer (importer) on board the ship but not cleared for import at the named port of destination.

The seller bears all costs and risks of transporting the goods to the named port of destination.

This term can only be used for sea or inland waterway transport.

delivering plant

A plant that stores goods to deliver to the customer.

delivery costs

Costs that the orderer may incur in addition to the cost of the actual material purchased.

Also referred to as "incidental procurement costs."

A distinction is made between:

• Freight charges
• Duty costs
• Miscellaneous costs (such as packing or insurance)

delivery costs structure

An object that enables delivery costs (such as freight) to be posted to accounts that have no effect on the valuation of the material inventory.

delivery date

The date on which goods are to arrive at the customer's premises.

Example

The delivery date can be the delivery date requested by the customer (desired delivery date) or the date confirmed in the vendor's order acknowledgment or shipping confirmation (confirmed or acknowledged delivery date).

delivery date variance

The difference between the desired delivery date and the actual delivery date.

delivery group

The manual or automatic grouping of one or more items (main items and/or sub-items) in a sales order so that they can be delivered on the same date.

An item that is confirmed for several delivery dates can be confirmed for a single delivery date if it is assigned to a delivery group. This is the latest delivery date of all the confirmation schedule lines of this item.

All items that are assigned to the same delivery group are confirmed for a single delivery date. This is the latest delivery date of all these items.

If the sales order is marked in the header for complete delivery, then all items will be assigned to the same delivery group.

delivery quantity variance

The variance between the purchase order quantity and the quantity actually delivered.

delivery unit

A unit of measure in which a delivery quantity is expressed in shipping.

delta balance sheet account

An FI account to which the difference between the ending inventory valuation from periodic actual costing and the cumulation is posted.

The offsetting entry is posted to a revaluation account.

delta posting

A posting that records the difference between the ending inventory valuation from periodic actual costing and the ending inventory valuation from the cumulation.

The delta posting is made to a delta balance sheet account in FI and the offsetting entry is posted to a revaluation account.

delta version

An additional, statistical version based on a reference version.

The delta version is generated to allow other allocations for selected transactions.

The allocations in the delta version have no influence on the operational value flow in the SAP System. Consequently, process costs cannot be allocated in Product Costing, Cost Object Controlling, or Profitability Analysis.

Delta versions can reference other versions over more than one level. This means that the reference version can actually be a delta version that references yet another version.

departure zone

A regional zone where the shipping point is located and from where merchandise is shipped.

The system uses the departure zone and other delivery-related information to determine the route.

dependency planning

A type of manual planning in which primary costs or revenues are calculated as the product of the activity quantity, or the quantity of the statistical key figure and a factor defined by the user.

dependency price

A price used by the SAP System to valuate the dependency quantity.

dependency quantity

The quantity of a statistical key figure or activity type that is used to calculate planned costs or planned consumption in dependency planning.

dependency source quantity

The amount used to calculate planned costs and planned consumption, where calculation is based on a statistical key figure.

dependency source type

A figure, in dependency planning, that is derived from the dependency type, and used to calculate quantities used for the purposes of determining costs and consumption.

dependency type

A determinant of the type of dependency planning. The following dependency types exist:

• Dependency type 1 -

The dependency price or quantity is based on the planned quantity of a statistical key figure planned in dependency on or independently of the activity.

• Dependency type 2 -

The dependency price or quantity is based on the planned quantity of a statistical key figure planned independently of the activity.

• Dependency type 3 -

The dependency price or quantity is based on the planned quantity of an activity type.

dependent depreciation area

A depreciation area that adopts its posting values from another area.

You specify the takeover logic in the chart of depreciation for the depreciation areas contained in it.

depreciation

The reduction of the asset book value because of decline in economic usefulness or because of legal requirements for taxes.

The SAP System identifies the following types of depreciation:

• Ordinary depreciation provides for the planned distribution of the acquisition and production costs over the useful life of the asset.
• Special depreciation allows for depreciation above ordinary depreciation and is based on tax specifications.
• Unplanned depreciation is justified by a foreseeable, lasting reduction in the value of the asset because of unplanned circumstances.

In the SAP System, depreciation can either be planned automatically on the basis of keys, or manually. The SAP System can determine ordinary depreciation and special depreciation using depreciation keys. Unplanned depreciation has to be handled manually.

depreciation area

An area showing the valuation of a fixed asset for a particular purpose (for example, for individual financial statements, balance sheets for tax purposes, or management accounting values).

Along with "real" depreciation areas, you can define derived depreciation areas. The values for these derived areas are calculated from those of two or more real areas.

depreciation base

The base value for calculating periodic depreciation.

The following base values are possible, for example:

• Acquisition and production costs
• Net book value
• Replacement value

depreciation below zero

The calculation of depreciation amounts below book value zero.

Depreciation from a negative book value is useful for calculating imputed costs when exceeding the planned useful life of the asset.

Using the depreciation key, you can specify for each asset or asset class how the asset is to be further depreciated after the end of the planned useful life or once the book value zero has been reached.

For example, you can continue depreciation using an percentage rate that is reduced automatically.

depreciation forecast for the year

The depreciation amount planned for an asset for the current fiscal year.

This amount is either determined by the SAP System on the basis of the given depreciation method, or it can be entered manually.

Transactions on an asset lead to corrections of planned depreciation.

depreciation key

A key for calculating depreciation amounts.

The depreciation key controls the following for each asset and for each depreciation area:

• Automatic calculation of planned depreciation
• Automatic calculation of interest
• Maximum percentages for manual depreciation

The depreciation key is defined by specifying:

• Calculation methods for ordinary and special depreciation, for interest and for the cutoff value
• Various control parameters

depreciation method

A method that defines the calculation of periodic depreciation.

Specifications made in the depreciation method determine the percentage by which the base value for depreciation calculation is multiplied.

depreciation of tangible assets

The process of reducing the value of a tangible asset by spreading its acquisition or production costs over the useful (depreciable) life of the asset.

This reduction in the value can also be achieved by making a value adjustment as of the balance sheet key date.

Depreciation is relevant in FI-LC because of the effect it has on the calculation and posting of eliminated hidden reserves (goodwill).

depreciation period

A period in the total useful life of the asset, for which individual depreciation amounts are calculated.

Depreciation periods can be based on the posting periods in Financial Accounting.

You can choose to allow depreciation calculation with half periods for certain company codes in the SAP System.

depreciation stop during shutdown

A depreciation stoppage because of a temporary asset shutdown.

depreciation trace

A hierarchical representation of internal steps in the calculation of depreciation.

The depreciation trace shows the individual steps performed by the SAP System, by displaying each action in a tree structure. The depreciation trace makes the calculation of depreciation transparent. You can find errors in the depreciation calculation by analyzing the depreciation trace.

depreciation type

A label for classifying depreciation based on the reason for depreciation.

The following depreciation types are used in the SAP System:

• Ordinary depreciation
• Special depreciation
• Unplanned depreciation
• Depreciation from write-off of reserves

derivation of characteristics

The process by which the SAP System fills characteristic fields that do not have values.

derivation rule

A rule that you define in derivation using IF-THEN logic, which controls how certain target characteristic values are derived automatically from source characteristic values.

Example

Derivation rule: Derive "Sales region" from "Country"

• Canada from North America
• France from Western Europe
• Spain from Western Europe

The specified payment item attributes are used to decide whether the sales revenues are relevant for a sales revenue class.

derivation strategy

The derivation strategy is a list of steps the SAP System performs to derive unknown characteristic values from known values.

derived depreciation area

A depreciation area in which depreciation is calculated based on two or more real depreciation areas using a calculation formula.

You can use derived depreciation areas, for example, to calculate special reserves as the difference between tax and book depreciation.

The rule for negative or positive book value in the derived depreciation area is checked each time a posting is made or depreciation is changed in the corresponding real area.

devaluation

A write-down in the value of the stock of a material. This may be due to changes in the market price of the material or reflect the fact that the material is a slow or non-mover.

DIC number

A tax number assigned, in the Slovakia, to legal persons. In Slovak, the tax number is known as danové identifikacné císlo.

DIC number

A tax number assigned, in the Czech Republic, to legal persons. In Czech, the tax number is known as danové identifikacní císlo.

difference

The value difference between two amounts determined in different ways (for example, between total tax depreciation and book depreciation).

These differences can be managed in derived depreciation areas.

difference in cumulative quantities

A quantity that is made up of the cumulative delivery quantity minus the cumulative received quantity for a scheduling agreement item.

dimension

A single field or column of a table, within General Ledger.

Dimensions are used when creating the General Ledger coding block.

Examples of dimensions are

• Company
• Account
• Cost center
• Product

direct costs

A cost that is directly and fully identifiable with a reference object according to the costs-by-cause principle.

Because the reference object (such as a cost object) or the time period (month, for example) can influence whether a cost is considered a direct cost, the term "relative direct cost" is also used.

direct costs of production

The inventories on the production orders that have not yet been completed are posted to a work-in-process (WIP) account at the end of the period (rather than to a stock change account, as in the period accounting method).

For the completed orders, the SAP System checks if any supplementary account assignment to this account has resulted in amounts that are posted as variances.

When a production order is settled to inventory, any WIP postings that took place at the end of the previous period (see above) are canceled. Then the material is valuated with the moving average price, and the inventory is increased by the accumulated actual costs.

If the price control indicator in the master record of the material to be debited is set to S, the inventory is increased according to the standard price; the difference versus the actual costs is posted to an order variance account. The offsetting posting is made to the material stock account for finished products.

direct debiting procedure

A special procedure by which the party liable to pay submits a written instruction to their bank, authorizing them to honor account debit requests.

direct mailing campaign

Measures taken to forward information to customers, sales partners, or competitors within a certain time period.

Example

The following materials can, for example, be forwarded to the customer as enclosures in a direct mailing campaign:

• Catalogs
• Product descriptions
• Brochures
• Promotional gifts or free samples

direct partner

A partner that transfers its product or service to another partner directly.

A cost component split is generated for each partner by the group costing function, showing all value-added segments. If you do not want others to see the portion of the value added that the direct partner procured from the product or service when it is transferred to the receiving partner, it can be subsumed under the value added by the direct partner.

Direct partners can consist of any combination of the following organizational units:

• Company code
• Profit center
• Business area

direct procurement requisition

A purchase requisition for items that are procured directly for a planned order or production order (that is, items that are not stocked).

direct quotation

A currency value expressed in units of the local currency per unit of foreign currency (compared to indirect quotation).

Direct quotation is also known as price notation.

Example

Local currency: EUR

Foreign currency: USD

One unit of foreign currency USD costs the displayed number of units of local currency - that is, 0.92524 EUR.

discounting

The bills of exchange or checks can be "discounted" by being presented at a bank for payment prior to the due date.

The full value of the bill or check is not received since the bank deducts interest (discount)for the period between the date it is discounted and the due date, as well as commission.

dispatch

The movement of outbound goods in your trading area.

For example, in Europe, INTRASTAT deals with "arrivals" and "dispatches" within the EC customs territory. EXTRASTAT deals with "imports" and "exports" from one customs territory to another, that is, into or out of the European Community.

display group

A grouping to differentiate list displays for each function.

For example, the display group in sales order processing can display lists by:

• Purchase order
• Partner
• Material
• Material and partner

distribution

A business transaction that allocates primary costs.

• The original cost element is retained in the receiver cost center.
• Information about the sender and the receiver is documented in the Controlling document.

distribution

A business activity used to allocate quantities and amounts (actual and plan values) from one sender object to one or more receiver objects.

The distribution process distributes the balance(s) from the original sender(s) to the receivers. The original sender account is credited and the original receiver account is debited by the distribution.

distribution channel

CA channel through which saleable materials or services reach customers.

Distribution channels include wholesale, retail, and direct sales. You can assign a distribution channel to one or more sales organizations.

distribution key

A tool used to distribute annual planned values over the planning periods in accordance with certain rules.

distribution rule

A part of the settlement rule. Defines the following for a settlement sender:

• Settlement receiver
• Settlement share (percentage or proportional)
• Settlement type (periodic or total)
• Validity period of the distribution rule

district tax office

A tax office, in South Korea, that administrates and collects VAT and most forms of income taxes.

If your company has a number of different premises and they are located in the jurisdictions of more than one district tax office, you register once with each tax office. Each of your company's registrations then reports all appropriate taxes separately to their district tax office. In the SAP System, you create one business place for each such registration.

The district tax offices are in the middle of the tax office hierarchy: Each reports to a regional tax office, but is in charge of the local tax offices.

divestiture

A divestiture refers to a transaction in which a company of the corporate group sells all or part of its investment in another company of the group to an investor outside the subgroup or even outside the corporate group.

If the investment in a company is sold to another company of the same subgroup, this is referred to as a transfer.

An investment sold to another company outside the subgroup but within the corporate group would be regarded as a divestiture by the subgroup but as a transfer by the corporate group.

divestiture accounting

The process that occurs when a company is divested and therefore leaves the consolidation group.

Divestiture accounting could take place, for example, if:

• The company is sold to an external trading partner (divestiture)
• The status of the company changes

division

An organizational unit based on responsibility for sales or profits from saleable materials or services.

document

A proof of a cost accounting posting.

This posting can be made both within (for example, distribution) and outside of (for example, primary cost posting in FI) the CO module.

document

The proof of a business transaction.

A distinction is made between original documents and data processing (DP) documents:

• Original documents include incoming invoices, bank statements and carbon copies of outgoing invoices.
• DP documents include accounting documents, sample documents and recurring entry documents.

Whereas accounting documents are a representation of the original document in the SAP System, sample and recurring entry documents are simply templates to simplify entry of accounting transactions.

document

A printed record of business transaction in sales and distribution processing.

There are printed documents for:

• Sales
• Shipping
• Billing

document currency

The currency in which a document is posted.

document currency

A urrency in which the total values in a sales and distribution document are calculated.

document date

The date on which the original document (such as plan primary costs in a cost center) was created.

document date

The date on which the original document (such as vendor invoice) was created.

document date

The date on which the sales document becomes valid for sales and distribution processing.

The document date is different for each document. In the quotation, the document date is the date from which the quotation is valid. In the order, it is the date from which the agreement becomes binding.

For example, the order creation date can deviate from the date on which the agreement stipulated in the order becomes binding. In this case, the agreement date is the document date.

document entry

The manual or automatic entry of a document into the SAP System.

Documents are entered manually using screens that are specially designed for the accounting transactions to be entered.

Automatic entry is performed using an online interface.

document extract

A program that transfers valuation information from documents in the SAP system to tables for LIFO/FIFO valuation.

document flow

A representation in the system of the sequence of documents for a business transaction.

A document flow can consist of a quotation, a sales order, a delivery, and an invoice.

document header

An object that contains information that applies to the entire document, such as the document date and document number.

document number

A key that identifies each document in a company code in a specific fiscal year.

document payment guarantee procedure

A process that controls the sequence in which the system assigns the sales document items to the permitted forms of payment guarantee for the payer and the document type.

document pricing procedure

In combination with the customer pricing procedure and other organizational elements, this indicator defines which pricing procedure to use in pricing.

A document pricing procedure is defined for each sales document type.

document principle

A principle according to which postings are always stored in document form (that is, "no posting without document").

The document remains as a complete unit and can be displayed at any time until it is archived.

document type

A key that distinguishes the business transactions to be posted.

The document type determines where the document is stored as well as the account types to be posted.

document type

A type used to assign specific attributes to consolidation entries, in particular when updating the database, handling deferred income taxes and processing currencies.

You can use consolidation task-specific document types that can be employed in the reports and validations.

dollar value method

A procedure to perform a LIFO valuation for heterogeneous value groups.

Price increases during a fiscal year are only taken into account for the stock value if there is a positive stock balance difference compared to the previous year.

domestic goods

A status of merchandise

Domestic goods include merchandise that has been:

• Grown, produced, or manufactured in a customs territory on which all internal revenue taxes have been paid
• Imported and on which all applicable duties and internal revenue taxes have been paid

Domestic merchandise can be returned to the Customs territory free of duty and taxes.

domestic goods consumption

The processing and trading of goods that have a customs status of domestic goods.

double-check

An accuracy checking procedure for foreign trade financial documents.

A first person creates a finance document. A second person activates it.

doubtful receivables

A receivable that is not likely to be collected - that is, a complete write-off or a partial write-off of the receivable is to be expected.

down payment

A part of the full price paid at the time of purchase or delivery with the balance to be paid later.

Down payments are shown separately from other receivables and payables on the balance sheet.

A distinction is made between:

• Down payments made (displayed under fixed and current assets)
• Down payments received (displayed under payables)

down payment

A payment made for an asset under construction.

In the SAP System, down payments are acquisition postings that are identified by a special transaction type. The steps involved in a down payment to an asset under construction are described below:

• Posting the down payment
• Posting the closing invoice that belongs to it
• Clearing the down payment with the closing invoice

down payment request

A request that a down payment be made at a certain time.

Down payment requests are stored separately in the SAP System. Although they do not update transaction figures, they can be taken into account in dunning and automatic payment transactions.

drawee of a bill of exchange

The person to whom the payment order is addressed.

The drawee is obligated to pay, on the due date of the bill, the sum of money specified on the bill.

drawer of a bill of exchange

The person who issues a bill of exchange or on whose behalf it is issued.

The issuer stipulates the terms under which payment is to be made and accepts the possibility of recourse. If the drawee defaults on payment, the drawer is liable.

due date

The date on which the claim of a creditor must be redeemed by the debtor.

due date

The time at which a debtor must clear the claim of a creditor.

due date for net payment

The date on which payment of an open item is due net - that is, with no cash discount deduction.

dunning

The process of notifying vendors to ensure the resubmission of vendor declarations that are about to reach their expiration dates.

If a vendor declaration expires, it is not valid proof of a product's origin.

dunning amount

The total of all items to be dunned within a dunning group (minus any outstanding credits).

dunning area

An organizational unit within a company code from which dunning is conducted.

The dunning procedure is controlled and the dunning notices are sent separately per dunning area. A dunning area can represent the following:

• Division
• Distribution channel
• Sales organization
• Business area

dunning block indicator

An indicator that (through the allocation of a dunning block reason) enables you to prevent (block) accounts and items from being dunned.

dunning block reason

The reason why a certain open item or all the open items of a customer or vendor, cannot be dunned.

dunning history

The data recording the course of a specific dunning procedure.

dunning key

A tool that identifies items to be dunned separately, such as items you are not sure about or items for which payment information exists.

dunning level

A numeral indicating how often an item or an account has been dunned.

dunning procedure

A pre-defined procedure specifying how customers or vendors are dunned.

For each procedure, the user defines

• Number of dunning levels
• Dunning frequency
• Amount limits
• Texts for the dunning notices

dunning procedure level

A rule that defines the type of dunning that is performed by a certain dunning procedure, and the conditions that trigger that procedure.

dutiable value

The actual value of goods for calculating the customs tariffs owed.

There are several methods to determine this value. In most cases, it is based on what the buyer paid for the product.

duty drawback

The refund of all or part of customs duties, or domestic tax paid on imported merchandise that was subsequently manufactured into a different article or re-exported.

The purpose of the drawback is to enable a domestic manufacturer to compete in foreign markets without having to include in the cost and sales price the duty paid on imported raw materials or merchandise used in the manufacture of the exported goods.